Principal
 Fractures
  Alignment
of volcanoes
Limestone
 basement
Distribution of the limestone basement rocks and main structural patterns. In the Serdán-Oriental basin they are partially buried by pyroclastic and lacustrine deposits and have a higher altitude in comparison with equivalent rocks outcropping on the coastal plain.
Nakamura (1977) model can be applied to Cofre de Perote, generating avalanches in a perpendicular direction with respect to the inferred maximum horizontal stress.