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Activity of Vesuvio between 1631 and 1944

by Roberto Scandone, Terza Università di Roma (after Scandone et al. 1993)

Localities mentioned in the text can be found on the topo map (240 kb gif image)

BEGIN (d-m-y)END (d-m-y)Length (days)Type-VolumeVEIVOLCANOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS
15 Dec16312 Jan163218(1631) explosive volume =~0.2 km^34The eruption occurs after 150 years of quiescence. Height of eruptive cloud is approximately 30 miles. Pyroclastic flows and lahars destroy many villages. Earthquakes and a tsunami accompany the collapse of the crater. It loses at least 168 m, maybe as much as 400 m, of its height. About 4000 casualties. It is the most violent and devastating eruption of Vesuvius in the last 1000 years
3 Jan163230 Jun16372005RTroili, in 1637, reports fire on Vesuvius.
1 Jul 163727 Nov 16494532A?Kircher reports an image with the cone smoking, in 1638
28 Nov 164910 Mar 1650102IE explosive2Ash clouds toward Naples during Dec 1649 and Jan 1650, intense on 15 Jan, 15 Feb and 9-10 Mar 1650.
11 Mar 165031 Dec 16521026A?Activity and lahars on 14 Sep 1650. Ash and smoke during Feb, Mar and May 1652; smoke in Nov and Dec.
1 Jan 165324 Feb 1654419R
25 Feb 16541 Mar 16544IE explosiveEmission of ash intense during Mar 1654 (Viola in Alfano - Friedlander)
2 Mar 16542 Jul 16602314A?
3 Jul 166029 Jul 166026IE explosive effusive?3Ash and scoria emission to 300 steps from three vents within the crater. Lightning and rumblings in the cloud. The cloud is about 2 miles high. Damages in Resina, Torre Annunziata, Torre del Greco. On 6-7 glowing avalanches on the cone. (Lava flow?). In 1663, the cone had a circumference of 4,75 km
30 Jul 166025 Mar 16807178A?Strombolian activity in 1670 (Sorrentino)
26 Mar 168028 Mar 16802FE (1680) explosive2?Ash fall on Ottaviano and Somma
29 Mar 168011 Aug 1682865R
12 Aug 168222 Aug 168210FE (1682) explosive3Seismic activity since the beginning of Aug. On 12 Aug, volcanic cloud with electric discharge. Ashes on Torre del Greco and Ottaviano. On 21 Aug increasing violence and ashes on Nocera, Pagani, Cava, S. Sebastiano. Lava within the crater. 1 casualty in Torre Annunziata, 3 in Castellamare
23 Aug 16822 Oct 16851136R"not even smoke" (Sorrentino)
3 Oct 168510 Oct 16857IE explosive2?On 3 Oct 1685, volcanic cloud, ash and scoriae on the cone.
11 Oct 16858 Dec 16891519A
9 Dec 168916 Dec 16897IE explosive2Similar to 1685. Emission of scoriae. Strong seismic activity. Uncertain duration.
17 Dec 168912 Apr 16941577AIn 1690, the crater is filled with lava and is in Strombolian activity (Bottoni)
13 Apr 169429 Apr 169416FE (1694) effusive-explosive3Earthquakes in Mar. On 12 Mar, lithics and ashes to Benevento. Earthquakes in Torre del Greco. On 5 Apr, explosions and collapse of the conelet. On 6 Apr, incandescent scoriae within the crater, 13 Apr, lava flow to the Salvatore. The lava is 5 palms high and 15 wide. Two branches toward Pietrabianca and S. Giorgio. It halts after 15 days.
30 Apr 169430 Jul 1696822R
31 Jul 169614 Aug 169614IE effusive2Since 31 Jul, explosions and earthquakes till 4 Aug, when a lava flow occurs lasting 10 days (Della Torre) on top of the 1694 flow (Sorrentino).
15 Aug 169614 Sep 1697395RQuiescence until Sep 1697 (Sorrentino)
15 Sep 16979 Jan 1698116IE effusive2On 15 Sep, activity and earthquakes. On 18 Sep at 2200, lava flow toward Torre del Greco from three fractures on the cone. On 19 Sep, new lava flows toward Torre del Greco. On 20 Sep, lava in Fosso dei Cervi and Fosso Bianco. On 26 Sep, the lava stops 1 km from Torre del Greco. On 15, 20, 26 and 30 Nov: lava flows (Sorrentino)
10 Jan 169818 May 1698128Asmoking (Sorrentino)
19 May 169815 Jul 169857FE (1698) effusive-explosive3On 14 May, retreat of the sea for 5 times. On the 19th, earthquakes and rumblings. On 25 May, lava flow toward Resina. On 28 May, fracture on the SW side of the crater, lava toward Fossobianco and Tagliapietra (toward Torre del Greco). The lava halts on 2-6 at 2 km from Torre del Greco. Explosions until 7 Jul (damage by lahars in Capri, Sorrento, Castellammare, Gragnano). Since 8 and 10 Jun, new explosions; on 15 Jun high volcanic clouds. (Sorrentino)
16 Jul 169830 Jun 17011079R
1 Jul 170115 Jul 170114IE effusive explosive2Fracture on the E base of the conelet and lava toward Ottavaiano and Viulo (15 palms high, 50 steps wide); On 4 Jul, the flows end. Increase on 5 and 6 Jul. White ash at the end of the eruption. (Sorrentino)
16 Jul 170118 May17041037A
19 May 170423 May 17044IE explosive1On 19 May, smoke and fires. On the 20th, lava fountains 2 miles high; on 21-22 May, Strombolian activity.
24 May 170419 Jul 1706786REarthquakes felt from 19 Jan 1705 until 20 Jul 1706.
20 Jul 170628 Jul 1707373A
29 Jul 170722 Aug 170724FE (1707) effusive explosive3On 28 Jul, a lava flow from the SW flank of Gran Cono toward Resina onto the one of 1694. Great damage by tephra falls at Bosco, Torre Annunziata, Ottaviano, Nocera. On 29 Jul volcanic cloud lasting 1 hour. On the 30th, explosive activity with scoria ejection. On 2 Aug, ashes on Naples. Great damage by ash falls and lahars at Lettere, Sarno, Nocera, Cava, S. Severino, Nola, Benevento. (Sorrentino)
23 Aug 17074 Feb 17121626ROn 14 Aug 1708 at 0900, Sorrentino reports "a small explosion with ash for 15 minutes".
5 Feb 171210 Jun 1712126IE effusive1Activity and emission of lava from 5 Feb. Since 21 Mar, intracrateric lava which outflows on 26 and 29 Apr, on 12 May, lava toward Torre del Greco until June.
11 Jun 171224 Oct 1712135R
25 Oct 17128 Nov 171214IE effusive1Activity on 25 Oct. On the 29th, lava flows toward Fosso Bianco. New flows on 8 Nov. (Sorrentino)
9 Nov 171211 Apr 1713153R
12 Apr 171325 May 171343IE effusive explosive1-2Since 12 Apr, new lava; it overflows from the crater on 9 May toward Fosso dei Cervi, Torre del Greco; from 17 until 20 May, explosive activity, and lava flows toward Ottaviano, Torre del Greco, Resina. (Sorrentino)
26 May 17135 Jan 1714224R
6 Jan 171420 Jan 171414IE explosive1On 6 Jan, smokes and explosions until 8-9 Oct. On the 11th, lava fountains. Since the 15th, ash fall for several days.
21 Jan 171414 Jun 1714144R
15 Jun 171430 Jun 171415IE effusive explosive2Since 15 Jun, explosive activity until the 21st. At 1600 on 21 Jun, lava fountain and volcanic cloud, several miles high. Lava flow toward Bosco and T. Annunziata. On the 23rd, explosive activity and new lava flow. On the 24th, ash and lava.
1 Jul 17145 Jun 17171070AIntense activity on 25 Jun 1715. Explosions during Mar and Apr 1716
6 Jun 171718 Jun 171712IE effusive explosive2-3On 6 Jun 1717, fractures on the S ed E flanks of the cone with lava flows toward Boscotrecase, T. Annunziata and Torre del Greco. One flow reaches the E side of Camaldoli della Torre. On 10-11 Jun, volcanic cloud. On 13 Jun, lava flow toward Torre del Greco.
19 Jun 171721 Dec 1717185A
22 Dec 171726 Dec 17174IE effusive1New flow onto the flow of 13 Jun 1717.
26 Dec 17172 Sep 1718250A
3 Sep 17189 Jul 1719309IE effusive2On 16 Sep, lava flow to the N side of the cone which branches into two flows toward Resina and Bosco. Since 17 Sep, lava toward Mauro. Intermittent lava emission until July of the following year (Sorrentino).
10 Jul 17196 May 1720301ASmoking (Sorrentino)
7 May 172027 May 172020IE explosive1On 7 May 1720, strong explosive activity with ash towards Ottaviano. On 24 and 25 May, ash cloud.
28 May 172030 Apr 1721337A
1 May 17217 Jun 172137IE effusiveOn 1 May, lava flow toward Torre del Greco (same path as June 1717), again on 5, 6 and 7 Jun
8-6-172119-4-1723680A
20-4-17238-7-172379FE (1723) effusive explosive3Since 28 Mar 1723, earthquakes.On 18 Mar, variation of water table at Torre del Greco. On 29 Mar, seismic activity; from 20 Apr until 25 Jun, explosive activity. On 26 Jun, lava outflow to the N. At 1300 on 26 Jun, two vents with explosive activity. At 1900 , increase of lava flows into Vallone di Ottaviano. Explosions on 26 and 27 Jun. On the 29th at 1000, scoria ejection to Macchioni, lava toward Mauro. 30 Jun and 1 Jul, explosive activity and 2 lava flows toward Ottaviano and Viulo. On 30 Jun, strong seismic activity. 2-4 Jul, explosive activity with very high column (Mecatti). On 4 Jul at 1500, paroxysm. Damage at Ottaviano, Nola, Palma, Sarno, Gragnano, Castellammare, Nocera, Cava, S. Severino, Salerno, Vallo.
9 Jul 17233 Sep 1724422R
4 Sep 172429 Sep 172425IE effusive explosive2 4-7 Sep, ash explosions, then the first lava flow; on 11 Sep, black smoke (up to 2000 steps) . On 17 Sep, lava flow; on the 18th, strong explosive and effusive activity.
30 Sep 17249 Jan 1725101A
10 Jan 172515 Aug 17281313IE effusive explosive2Activity since 10 Jan 1725; on 16 Jan, outflow to the N and then toward Colle del Salvatore until 20 Jan. Explosions on 24 Jan. On 20 May, new lava flow lasting until 7 Sep. On 13 and 19 Sep, intermittent effusions lasting till the following year. Intensifications on 17 Apr 1726, lava toward Salvatore and Fosso Bianco on 22 Arp 1727; on the 23rd, volcanic cloud, explosive activity until 27 Apr; increase in Jul; decrease in Aug 1726, and increase on 19 Aug; smoke until 13 Dec; on 16 and 17 Jan 1727, explosions; on 26 May 1728, new lava; 3 Jun 1727, fire and water; a lava flow in Jul 1728; 1, 2 and 3 Sep 1728, explosions; ash on 14 and 15 Sep
16 Sep 172826 Feb 1730528Asmoke
27 Feb 17301 Apr 173033FE (1730) effusive-explosive2-3On 27 Feb 1730, activity at the crater (Sorrentino); on the 27th, intracrateric flow (Stoppani); on 2 Mar, explosions until the 17th, when the first lava flow begins and lasts until 23 Mar; on 24 and 25 Mar, strong explosions; on 25 Mar, crater collapse and lava with explosive ejecta all over the Vesuvian district.
2 Apr 173024 Dec 1732997R or Asmoke
25 Dec 173210 Jan 1734381IE effusive2Fire on 25 Dec 1732; explosive activity on 1 Jan 1733. On 8 Jan, lava flow toward Ottaviano and T. del Greco. Lava outflow from the crater from 27 Apr to 5 May; again on 10 Jul, 27 Aug, 4 Nov, 27 Dec 1733 and from 1 to 10 Jan 1734
11 Jan 173430 Jun 1735535A
1 Jul 173530 Jul 173529IE effusive1In July 1735, lava flow toward Il Mauro (uncertain duration)
1 Aug 173513 May 1737651A
14 May 17374 Jun 173721FE (1737) effusive-explosive volume =10 x 10^6 m^33+14-15 May, smoke and fires. During the night of 15-16 May, lava flow toward E (Bosco) on 17-19 May, increasing smoke. On 20 May at 1300, scoria ejection and white smoke, at 1900, explosion and fracture on the SW flank of the mountain with lava toward Resina and from central vent to Bosco. On the 21st at 0400, strong explosions; at 0500 lava to E and W toward Resina, Fosso Bianco and then to Torre del Greco. On 23 May, explosions. On the 24th, one explosion then smoke. Damage in Ottaviano, Nola and complete destruction of Torre del Greco by the lava flow. Gran Cono lowered by 72 m (Serao)
5 Jun 173730 Oct 17442704RUncertain dates
1 Nov 174424 Oct 17512548AStrong activity in Nov 1744; in 1745, active conelet; during 1749, the crater is filled. During Oct 1750, strombolian activity from three vents. In 1751, one conelet. On 19 Oct 1751, Della Torre reports strong vapor emission.
25 Oct 175125 Feb 1752123IE effusive explosive2On 25 Oct 1751, at 0400, fracture on the SE flank of the cone toward Bosco. Lava toward Boscotrecase and then to il Mauro. New vents on 2 Nov. On 2 Dec, ash. On 5 Jan 1752 new lava that stops on 25 Feb 1752. Activity within the crater after the eruption. (Baratta, Mecatti, Della Torre)
26 Feb 17521 Dec 17541009A In Feb 1752, the crater is 255 feet deep. On 21 Mar 1752, there are 3 vents and in May, only two. During 1753, Strombolian activity until Jan 1754 . In mid-Oct 1754, one conelet that breakes up and emits an intracrateric lava flow which lasts until 6 Nov. (Baratta)
2 Dec 175415 Mar 1755103IE effusive explosive2On 2 Dec 1754, fracture of the cone toward Boscotrecase and toward Ottaviano. Lava flow onto the one of 1751, another one toward Bosco. Several vents active until 22 Jan 1755. Increase of activity on 10-12 Dec. On 14, 16 and 24 Dec 1754, and 5 Jan 1755; on 19 Jan 1755, explosive activity; on the 20th and 21st, strong explosive activity with ejection of two feet sized bombs up to three miles high. On 25 Jan, new lava in the Atrio. On 31 Jan, two vents on the cone (NE side) and a lava flow toward Ottaviano. On 28 Feb, collapse of the conelet and, on 15 Mar, a small lava flow.
16 Mar 175527 Mar 17591472A10 Apr 1755, explosive activity, minor from 22 May 1755 to early 1756 with Strombolian activity inside the crater. On 9 Aug 1756, intracrateric lava. Outflow on 12 Aug to SW, toward T. del Greco. Two flows on 13 Aug toward Portici, onto the flows of 1737. Again on 30 Sep, lava toward T. del Greco. New flows on 20 Oct and from 8 Nov until the end of the year. During 1757, outflows on 20 Jan, 9 Feb, 28 Mar, 23 and 28 Apr and 29 Apr until 14 May, 21 and 29 May; 23 and 25 Jun; 1 and 22 Jul, 16 Oct; 8 and 12 Dec. During 1758, similar activity. On 20 Jan 1759, lava flow to Fosso Vetrana (Baratta)
29 Mar 175931 Mar 17592IE effusive, explosiveOn 28 Mar, light explosive activity, and one earthquake; at midnight on the 29th, collapse of the conelet (formed in 1744); on the 30th, lava outflow toward Torre del Greco (rapid) and toward Romitorio and Ottaviano; the flow stops after 4 miles. Explosive activity ends on the 31st. Total damages for 28000 ducati (110,500 according to Siniscalchi)
1 Apr 175912 May 175941AFumarolic activity
13 May 175920 May 17597IE effusive1Opening of a fracture on the flank toward Boscotrecase; lava for seven days. (Mecatti, Baratta)
21 May 17595 Nov 1759168AStrombolian activity during Jun 1759.
6 Nov 175930 Mar 1760145IE effusive1Since 6 Nov 1759 until Mar 1760, increasing activity. Abundant lava on the S flank with extensive damage (De Bottis).
31 Mar 176022 Dec 1760266AIntracrateral lava during Mar 1760; during Aug and Sep, smoke; from mid-Nov until Dec, Strombolian activity; rumblings on 12 Dec . From 20 to 23 Dec, earthquakes (Baratta)
23 Dec 17606 Jan 176114FE (1760) explosive-effusive Lateral volume = 9.8 x 10^6 m^3 (lava)3On 23 Dec at 1700, felt earthquakes. At 1930, strong earthquake and tremor, fracture 1 mile N of Boscotrecase. Formation of 2 conelets 1,5 miles from the royal road, smoke, ash and scoriae, then lava toward Torre Annunziata that flows 1/2 mile in 12 hours. At 2015, another earthquake and a third conelet; at the crater, ashes, lapilli and smoke. In total there were at least seven main conelets (probably they were 15) with volumes: A = 0.6 x 10^6 m^3; B = small; C = 0.155 x 10^6 m^3, D = small; E = small; F=0.036 x 10^6 m^3; G=0.149 x 10^6 m^3; at 2330, flow from G, at 0000 from A; lava flow until 1 Jan 1761; on 2 Jan, earthquakes and collapse of buildings; on the 3rd, explosive activity at the crater and strong earthquakes. On 3 and 4 Jan, explosive activity; on the 5th, collapse of a portion of the crater. On 6 Jan, end of activity. Minor activity on 17 and 18 Feb with smoke from conelet A; Conelet F smokes until 1779. Damages for the ashes at Nola, Sarno, Nocera. Damages for 300000 scudi (De Bottis) or (1,257,000 lire Siniscalchi)
7 Jan 176130 Jun 17641270RUncertain date of the end.
1 Jul 176427 Mar 1766634ASince 1764, smoke. Since early 1766, strombolian activity and growth of the cone.
28 Mar 176615 Dec 1766262IE effusive-explosive1On 28 Mar 1766, outflow of lava toward Resina. On 10 Apr, fracture on the SE and SW flanks and new outflow toward Ottaviano and T. Annunziata, lasting until the end of Nov. Beginning in Jun 1766, explosive activity with ejections to 300-400 m.
16 Dec 176618 Oct 1767306ASince Mar 1767, growth of a single conelet with small explosions. On 7 Aug, intracrateric lava with outflow on the 12th.
19 Oct 176727 Oct 17678FE (1767) effusive-explosive volume = 11 x 10^6 m^3 lava; 1,4 x 10^6 m^3 pyrocl. 3Lava fills the crater and overflows on 12 Aug, explosive activity; on 19 Oct, strong explosions and fracture between N and NW near the top of the cone, smoke and, at 1530, fluid lava to Canteroni and Fosso Grande; at 1830, ash, smoke and lava toward Resina, Portici, S.Giorgio. At 2200, the lava is at il Salvatore. At 1500 on 20 Oct, new feeding and explosive activity with ejecta up to 700 m; collapse of the conelet and explosions; at 2000 on the 20th, new lava; from 0200 to 0600 on the 21st, tremor and ash fall until dawn. On the 22nd, violent explosions, at 1230 eruptive cloud with lightnings; on 26 Oct, new lava flow toward S. Giorgio
28 Oct 176714 Feb 1770840R
15 Feb 177030 Apr 177074IE effusive-explosive2Explosive activity since 15 Feb 1770 with tremor and decrease of the level of the water table at La Volla and Torre del Greco.In March, strong strombolian activity. On 14 Mar at 2200, violent explosions with ashes, scoriae and earthquakes. At 0200 on 16 Mar, violent earthquakes, ejections from the crater. At 1500, fracture on the E flank of Gran Cono with ejecta and a lava flow into Canale dell'Arena, toward il Mauro and Boscoreale. On 17 Mar, the first flow comes to an halt. On the 18th, another flow on top of the previous, stopping after two days. Since that day, until the end of Apr, several lava flows into Vallone dell'Arena. (De Bottis)
1 May 177030 Apr 1771364R (?)No information.
1 May 177130 May 177129IE effusive explosive2At 1600 on 1 May, lava from a fracture of the cone to Vallone dell'Arena for 8 days. On 9 May at 2400, new lava which branches, on the 12th, toward Portici and Torre del Greco. Strombolian activity at the cone. Lava until the end of May, also toward il Mauro. Since 15 May, ash until Nov causing damage to cultivated land.
1 Jun 177128 Dec 1773941AStrombolian activity and emission of ash and scoriae until Apr 1776. (De Bottis)
29 Dec 17731 Feb 177434IE effusive1A lava flow from the NE side of the crater to Canale dell'Arena flows until 16 Jan 1774. On 16 Jan, a new vent with another flow to the North until Feb 1774.
2 Feb 17743 Aug 1774182AStrombolian activity (De Bottis)
4 Aug 17741 Dec 1774119IE effusive1The lava flows cover the fracture of 1767 and 1771 and enter Canale dell'Arena until Dec. (De Bottis)
2 Dec 177419 Dec 1775382AStrombolian activity and smoke (De Bottis)
20 Dec 17753 Apr 1776105IE effusive volume =48,7 x 10^6 m^3 lava 1770 to 17761-2Outflow at SE toward Ottaviano until 2 Jan 1776. On 3 Jan 1776, new fast flow (1.5 mile in 14 minutes) toward Fosso della Vetrana. On 4 Jan, new fracture to the NW of the Cone with smoke and lava toward i Canteroni. It stops on 12 Jan 1776. Lava again from 15 Jan to 16 Mar. On 15 Mar, collapse of part of the crater with a new fracture to N-NW with lava emission until 3 Apr. (De Bottis)
4 Apr 177628 Jul 17791210ACollapse of the conelet at the beginning of May 1776.
29 Jul 177913 Aug 177915FE (1779) effusive-explosive volume =3.5 x 10^6 m^3 lava 6.1 x 10^6 m^3 pyroclasts3-4Lava flow since May 1779, from a fracture to N-NE. Strombolian activity until 29 Jul. On this day, lava into Canale dell'Arena and, on 2 Aug, into Canteroni. On the same day, new flow into Atrio. On 3 Aug, at 1930, strong rumblings with tremor. Cloud of reddish colour with ash and sands onto Ottaviano. Fracture on the north side of the crater with lava to Piano delle Ginestre.In the night, two small lava fountains at the crater. On 5 Aug at 1800, collapse of the conelet into a fracture toward Ottaviano and Somma. Eruptive ash-cloud, sands and scoriae onto Ottaviano, S.Giuseppe and Terzigno. Lava flows toward Ottaviano and Fosso della Vetrana. On 7 Aug, strong earthquake with cloud and lightnings; at 2400 lava fountains until 0445 of the 8th. The lava again flows into Vallone di Ottaviano. New lava fountain at 2000 on the 8th. Ejection up to 2000 m. Scoriae onto Portici and T. del Greco. Earthquakes felt at Somma, T.del Greco, Resina and Portici. At 0130 on 9 Aug, hot scoriae with pseudo-flows. Fall of products onto Ottaviano, Cacciabella, Nocera, Palma, Lauro, Nola, Avellino, Monteforte, Montevergine as far as Puglia. Extensive damages as far as 26 miles and a few casualties. At 0900 on the 9th, new cloud. On the 10th, rain and lahars in the northern part of the volcano. On 11 Aug, strong earthquakes with explosions. At 2330, lahar in S. Giuseppe. Ash fall until 15-8. Damages at Ottaviano (126000 ducati), Somma (50000), Cacciabella (2277), Albertini (4434), Palma (20000), Santopaolo (2248), Nola (20650), Avella (11920). Serious damage at Lauro, Mugnano, Monteforte, Montevergine, around Benevento, Avellino, Ariano, Foggia, Lucera, Manfredonia. Ashes as far as Albania.
14 Aug 177917 Sep 17831495REarthquake felt in the vesuvian district as far as Sorrento on 2 Oct 1779, with smoke at the crater; on 4 Oct, ash mixed with rain; on 1 Nov, abundant smoke; on 13 Dec 1779, another earthquake; no activity between 1780-1782 (De Bottis)
18 Aug 178331 Oct 1785805AMild explosion on 18 Aug 1783; increase of activity on September with a new conelet (Alfano and Friedlander)
1 Jul 178530 Nov 1787882IE effusive mildly explosive1Since 2 Oct, there is a mild strombolian activity. Increase since 31 Oct to 6 Nov 1786; On 21 Aug 1787, lava is witnessed into Canale dell'Arena, forming a fall in Fosso della Vetrana into Fosso del Faraone and, on 21 Aug, it was at 1 mile from Massa; in Oct, this flow destroyed Romitorio dei Padri Basiliani.
1 Dec 178731 Jul 1788243AActivity in the first seven months of the year (Baratta and Alfano and Friedlander)
1 Aug 178815 Aug 178814IE effusive mildly explosive1White smoke at the end of Jul 1788; in Aug: 60 smokers on a fracture of the crater 1.5 miles from the top; then lava, two miles long, from the fracture; Strombolian activity from 6 to 15 Sep
16 Sep 17884 Sep 1790718AOn 5 Sep 1789, there is a report of an explosion from 5 vents with extensive damages (Baratta)
5 Sep 179016 Nov 179072IE effusive explosiveIntense activity since May 1790. Collapse of the conelet in Sep . On 5 Sep, lava outflows toward il Mauro until the 17th. On 23 Sep, black smoke, ash fall, scoriae and lava flow, repeated on the 24th. On the 25th, explosions. Two flows toward W and S. On the 27th, the lava stops at i Canteroni. Another branch into fosso Cocozzelli and fosso di Ottaviano. Other flows on 1 and 3 Oct. On 9 Oct, ash until the following day. Explosions on 11, 12, 14 (violent),16, 17 and 19 Oct. On the 20th, new lava flow . On 24 and 25 Oct, explosions until 16 Nov.
17 Nov 179015 Jun 17941306AStrombolian activity during 1792-1794 (Baratta)
16 Jun 17945 Jul 179419FE (1794) effusive-explosive; Lateral volume = 23.5 x 10^6 m^3 (lava)3+On 12 Jun, earthquake felt all over Campania . At 0200 on the 16th, strong earthquake with an explosion and a fracture in the cone at SW and NE. Emission of smoke at the crater. A lava from the SW fracture invades Torre del Greco, and reaches the sea. The lava flow from the other fracture toward T.Annunziata and il Mauro. Fall of ashes at Resina and Torre del Greco (1 inch), at Ottaviano (3 palms=75 cm). Roofs collapses in Somma, Ottaviano and S.Anastasia. On 17 Jun, increase of ash emission and collapse of the cone. Explosions until the 18th. On the 20th, strong earthquake and another collapse of Gran Cono. Lahars from 20 Jun until 6 Jul in Ottaviano, Somma, Bosco, Terzigno and T. Annunziata. 60 killed in Torre del Greco. Ash emission until 5 Jul and lahars in the following days. Damages for 1.094.000 lire. Crops destroyed for two years. S. Giuseppe, Ottaviano and Somma completely destroyed. Total casualties: about 400. The crater, after the eruption, had a circumference of 2200 m and a depth of 150 m; the summit lost 121 m in height (Breislak and Winspeare)
6 Jul 179414 Jan 1796557RLandslides in October 1795
15 Jan 179611 Aug 18043130AActivity during Jan 1796 with increments in 1799 and Sep 1802; on 2 Nov 1803, the crater is 130 m deep with three conelets (Duca Della Torre)
12 Aug 180428 Nov 1804108IE effusive explosive2On 22 May 1804, two earthquakes and smoke. On 31 Jul, decrease of the level of the water table in Resina and Torre del Greco; retreat of the sea between Torre del Greco e T. Annunziata. On 11 Aug, earthquakes felt in Resina and emission of ash, scoriae and lapilli. Since 15 Aug, a lava flow toward i Camaldoli which stops on 30 Sep. On 2 Sep, the lava flow is at i Monticelli. On the 16th, the lava stops at 0.3 mile from the royal road. A new lava flow, on 22 Nov at 0430, toward T.del Greco (Stoppa). Damage for 60000 ducati.
29 Nov 180411 Aug 1805255ASmoke until 13 Feb 1805 . On this day there is a lava outflow (Stoppa).
12 Aug 180519 Oct 180568IE effusive explosive2-3On 12 Aug at 0200, explosion with lava fountains 300 palms high. Fast lava flow that makes 4 miles in 1/2 hour. At the middle of the path, it branches into 5 flows: two toward Camaldoli; one toward T. del Greco and two toward the royal road. One flow into the sea at 0945 on 13 Aug. The flows come to an halt in the evening of the 13th. From 17 until 19 Aug, a flow toward Boscotrecase. A new feeding of the flows on the 24th. On 26 and 27 Aug, explosions; on the 28th, eruptive cloud and a lava flow. On 5 Sep, new flow toward Torre del Greco. On 12 Oct, an earthquake, very high lava fountains and a fast lava flow reaches the houses of T. del Greco. On the 16th, a new flow follows the same path; it arrives to 1/2 mile from Purgatorio Church on the 17th.
20 Oct 180530 May 1806222AOn 27 Jan 1806 scoria ejection. No other activity until 1 May 1806.
31 May 18069 Jun 18069IE effusive explosive2Earthquake on 31 May, explosion and lava fountain at 0230. Strong explosion at 1515. On 1 Jun, at 0400, lava flows to SW and W; one toward Camaldoli travels 3.5 miles in one hour. Another flow reaches the sea near Torre del Greco. Eruptive cloud during the evening. New lava flow, 7 miles long, on 2 Jun. On the 3rd, explosive activity . Activity continues until 9 Jun. Damage in Ottaviano and Torre del Greco. Ash as far as Benevento.
10 Jun 18063 Sep 18091181A
4 Sep 18095 Sep 18091IE effusive1On 4 Sep 1809, fracture on the SE flank of the crater and lava flow into Atrio del Cavallo. (Phillips)
6 Sep 180910 Sep 1810369A
11 Sep 181022 Sep 181011IE effusive explosive1Lava flow toward Resina, since 13 Sep, toward Boscotrecase and Resina. Between 11 and 22 Sep, explosive activity
23 Sep 181031 Dec 1811464AStrombolian activity on 20 Dec 1811 .
1 Jan 181228 Feb 181258IE effusive1Fracture on the SE side of the cone and several flows toward Torre del Greco
1 Mar 18128 Oct 1813586APersistent activity during 1812 and 1813. Strong explosive activity on 8-9 Aug 1813 (Baratta)
9 Oct 181328 Oct 181319IE effusive19 Oct, intracrateric lavas. On 28 Oct, small lava flow toward il Viulo (Pilla and Phillips).
29 Oct 181328 Feb 1814122IE effusive explosive2At 1000 on 25 Dec, tremors and rumblings. At 1400, explosion with eruptive cloud and lava toward Fosso Bianco; another flow toward Viulo; explosive activity and lava flows in Jan and Feb 1814.
1 Mar 181421 Dec 18171391AStrong activity on 14 May 1816 with Strombolian activity and intracrateric lava. (Baratta).
22 Dec 181726 Dec 18174IE effusive1On 22 Dec, fracture on the NE flank of the cone, lavas toward il Mauro and, at the SW, toward T. del Greco
27 Dec 181730 Nov 1819703AStrombolian activity since Oct 1818. On Feb 1819, lava on E flank of Gran Cono.
1 Dec 181931 May 1820182IE effusive1-2Since beginning of Dec 1819, lava from 6 vents on the NW side of the crater (Coutrel vent). During Jan 1820, new fracture to W and lava toward il Salvatore. Increase during Mar, Apr and May 1820.
1 Jun 182014 Jan 1822592AActivity, on 7 Oct 1821, from two vents; intermittently in Nov and Dec. On 7 Jan 1822, collapse of the Coutrel vent (Monticelli e Covelli).
15 Jan 182228 Feb 182244IE effusive2On 15 Jan, opening of two vents. On 11 Feb, emission of scoriae, pumices, and smoke, earthquakes. On 22 Feb, an explosion and a lava flow
28 Feb 182220 Oct 1822234AExplosions and rumblings until Sep, when there is the opening of a new vent
21 Oct 182216 Nov 182226FE (1822) effusive explosive3-4During October, lavas from the September vent. On 20 and 21 Oct, small earthquakes; on the 22nd at 0100, fire column on the crater, 2000 feet high; fracture of the cone to the E with a glowing avalanche. Outflow of lava at dawn, toward SW. After the lava emission, ash column toward SE. Decrease during the morning, and increase at 1300, with tremors and a high column, at 1600, strong explosion with emission of lava from E side. During the night, opening of new vents in the crater and on the flank toward i Camaldoli; on 23 Oct at 0100, new explosions with high eruptive column and strong tremor; collapse of part of the crater; 2 eruptive columns: white at W and dark at E . On 24 Oct, ash fall; continuing activity with decreasing intensity until 16 Nov (Monticelli, Covelli )
17 Nov 18221 Jul 1824592R
2 Jul 182420 Sep 18312636AStrombolian activity on 2 Jul 1824 and slow filling of the crater with lava; major activity during Mar 1827; mild activity in 1828, increase during 1829
14 Aug 183123 Dec 1832497IE effusive1-2Earthquake on 14 Aug and intracrateric lava; outflow on 20 Aug to the SE toward Bosco; again on 20 Sep to S-SE and same during all of 1831; on 20 Nov, toward Torre del Greco; on 25 Dec, toward Resina; outflows also on 27 Jan 1832; 27 Feb 1832 (Boscotrecase and Piano delle Ginestre), 23 Jul (Ottaviano and Eremo), 8 Aug, to W, and from Oct until 15 Nov (Bosco), 16-23 Dec ( Torre del Greco)
24 Dec 183224 May 1833151A
25 May 183315 Jun 183321IE effusive1-2Increasing activity on 25 May 1833; on 28 and 29 May, lava flow to Pedamentina, 1.5 mile toward Torre del Greco; on 12 Jun, two lava flows toward Torre del Greco.
16 Jun 183326 Nov 1833163AOn 13 Aug 1833, two lava flow toward Torre del Greco (Phillips and Baratta)
27 Nov 183316 Jan 183450IE effusive1On 27 Nov 1833, fracture at the SW base of the conelet and outflow of lava, from the 28th onwards, toward l'Eremo. New outflows on 16, 20 and 21 Dec and in Jan 1834, toward Resina and Torre del Greco. (Baratta)
17 Jan 183421 Aug 1834216ASmall outflows toward Atrio, Boscoreale and Torre del Greco. Since 7 Jun 1834, lava flow toward T. Annunziata.
22 Aug 18342 Sep 183411FE (1834) effusive explosive3On 23 Aug, earthquake and collapse of crater; volcanic column; on 24 Aug, 4 vents on E flank of the crater; on 28-29 Aug, a lava flow toward Poggiomarino (Caposecchi); on 28 Aug lahars.
3 Sep 183431 Dec 1834119R
1 Jan 183531 Dec 18381460AMild activity since Jan 1835 to 26 Jul 1835; 1 Apr 1835 , esplosions, lava fountains; Phillips reports a lava flow on 6 Mar 1838.
1 Jan 18393 Jan 18392FE (1839) effusive explosive2-3Outflow on 31 Dec 1838. At dawn of 1 Jan 1839, dark eruption column, lava flow to W . Between 1 and 4 Jan, fracture of the cone to E and W, on 2 Jan high white cloud; then lava to E (Boscotrecase) and W (Canteroni); lava fountains up to 400 m, and black ash on Boscotrecase and Castellammare. After the eruption the crater was funnel-shaped with a diameter of 700 m and a depth of 285 m (Pilla, Baratta)
4 Jan 183919 Sep 1841989RFumarolic activity.
20 Sep 18414 Feb 18503059AMild explosions. In Feb 1845, the conelet is visible from Naples. In the fall of 1845, the crater of 1839 is entirely filled with lava. Variable Strombolian and effusive activity..
5 Feb 185016 Feb 185011FE (1850) effusive explosive2The conelet is 70 feet higher than the rim of the crater (Punta Palo, Phillips). Fracture along N side of the cone on 5 Feb 1850; rapid lava flow into Atrio del Cavallo and then to E. On 5 Feb another fracture at the base of the Cone with small lava. On 7 and 9 Feb, increasing volumes of lava flow toward il Mauro and Poggiomarino. On the 9th, dense smoke from the crater with ash-fall on T. Annunziata. Strong explosions. Decrease of activity on 10 Feb; from 12 to 15 Feb, lapilli and, on the 16th at 1230, two strong explosions. The cone collapses into two craters.
17 Feb 185013 Dec 18541760R
14 Dec 185430 Apr 1855137ACollapse of crater on 14 Dec 1854 , formation of a funnel-shaped pit 80 m deep. Smoke in Apr 1855.
1 May 185527 May 185526FE (1855) effusive volume =17 x 10^6 m^32-3Explosion in the night of 30 Apr/1 May; lava in the crater. Opening of vents on the N side of the cone with lava emission and mild strombolian activity . Lava flow into Atrio del Cavallo toward W to Vetrana and Fosso del Faraone. During the night it reaches S. Sebastiano and Massa di Somma. New flows on 6 and 7 May reach S. Sebastiano and Somma. On 8 May, the lava flow arrives at 1/2 mile from Cercola.
28 May 185518 Dec 1855204R
19 Dec 185526 May 1858889ACollapse of the crater on 19 Dec 1855, with smoke and lapilli. During 1856-1857 intracrateric activity. Outflow on Apr 1857; new collapse on 24 Aug and new outflow on Aug1857. On 11 and 20 Oct 1857, explosions, collapse of the cone and lava fountains. (Siniscalco).
27 May 185812 Apr 18611051IE effusive volume =120 x 10^6 m^3 2Vents in the Piano delle Ginestre (circa 11), lava emission from several vents in different periods, until Mar or Apr of 1861. Damage for 2.760.700 lire.
13 Apr 18617 Dec 1861238AStrong earthquake on 5 Dec 1861
8 Dec 186131 Dec 186123FE (1861) effusive mildly- explosive Lateral3At 9 am of 8 Dec increasing seismic activity. At 1600, fracture located 2 km from Torre del Greco opens at 290 m asl. The fracture trends ENE-SSW and extends into the sea. Conelets in the higher part of the fracture with lava flow toward Resina and Torre del Greco. Smoke and mild explosions at the crater. Damage to the buildings of Torre del Greco because of the fracture; inflation of the coast (1 m at Torre del Greco). Earthquake on 11 and 16 Dec. On that day, at 8 am, boiling of the sea 1.5 km off the coast at Torre del Greco. The same phenomenon on 17 Dec at 0900. On 17 Dec, at 1300, eruption column at the crater, also during the night of 23 Dec, ash emission lasts until 31 Dec Collected funds for damages: 352750 Lire.
1 Jan 18629 Feb 1864769RMild activity in Jan, May, and Jun 1862 (Baratta)
10 Feb 186414 Nov 18671373AOn 10 Feb 1864, opening of the crater and strombolian activity. Rebuilding of the conelet during 1865 and intracrateric lava during 1866 and 1867 (lava fountains on 12 Nov 1867) and Mar 1868. (Baratta)
15 Nov 186731 May 1868198IE effusive explosive1Since Oct 1867 earthquakes, and from 8 until 12 Nov, continuous tremor. On 12 and 13 Nov, scoria emission. Since 15-11, the lava emission rapidly fills the crater, 120 m deep. Outflows in late Nov and during Dec 1867 and Jan 1868, toward SE into Piano delle Ginestre. On 26 Jan, new outflow until Feb. On 8 and 12 Mar, earthquakes and ash emission up to 1000-1600 feet. On 11 Mar, fracture on SE flank of the crater with lava emission. 11-13 Mar 1868, strong explosive activity and a fracture on the ESE flank of Gran Cono with a lava toward Boscoreale lasting 8 days.
1 Jun 186814 Nov 1868166AStrombolian activity with an outflow on 8 Nov (Baratta)
15 Nov 186826 Nov 186811FE (1868) effusive explosive volume = 6 Ml m32-3On 15 Nov, fracture on NW flank near the 1855 vents; lava flow into Fosso della Vetrana and Fosso Faraone lasting 8 days. Eruptive column particularly strong on 24 Nov.
27 Nov 186830 Nov1870733R
1 Dec 187012 Jan 187142A
13 Jan 187130 Apr 1871107IE effusive1Lava outflow from N side of the cone, increasing since Mar, and during Apr new lava flows into Fosso della Vetrana near the Osservatorio. (Palmieri)
1 Mar 187123 Apr 1872358AIn Oct 1871, slight collapse of the crater. On 3-4 Nov 1871, small lava flows. In Mar 1872, fracture on NW side with a few lava in the Atrio, lasting a week.
24 Apr 187230 Apr 18726FE (1872) effusive-explosive volume =20 x 10^6 m^33Since 23 Apr, seismic activity. On the evening of 24 Apr, lava flow from the active fracture (NW). At 0330 on the 26th, new fracturing of the Cone (NW) with explosion and lava. Three casualties (some sources say, more than 20) and 10 wounded in a visiting party. Another fracture on the S side of the cone and lava toward Camaldoli. Another lava flow into Fosso della Vetrana and into Fosso del Faraone, again two branches toward Piano delle Novelle and Fosso del Faraone. This lava flow reaches Massa and S. Sebastiano travelling 4-5 km in 10 hours. On 27 and 28 Apr, ash emission with ejection up to 1300 m. (Palmieri)
1 May 187217 Dec 18751325RThe crater of 1872 was 250 m deep with a volume of 17 x 10^6 m^3. Landslides during 1874 fill it to a depth of 127 m.
18 Dec 187515 Dec 18812189ACollapse of the crater on 18 Dec 1875 with formation of a new vent in Strombolian activity. During 1878, outflow of lava along a fracture on NW side of the crater. Filling of the crater at the end of 1880. Collapse of the conelet in Dec 1881. (Palmieri)
16 Dec 188131 Jan 1884776IE effusive1-2Outflow from E during 1882 and 1883. On 9 Jan 1884, lava flow on NNW.
1 Feb 18841 May 1885455A
2 May 18851 Jul 1886425IE effusive1Two fractures toward T. Annunziata and Boscotrecase (NE and SE). A lava flow issuing from SE reaches the base of the cone and lasts all the year with increase on 28 Jul, and 12-14 Sep. From Jan until Jun 1886, similar activity, also on 4-5 Feb and from May until 1 Jul, toward Ottaviano.
2 Jul 188615 Apr 1887287AIncrease of activity on 27-28 Aug 1886.
16 Apr 188719 Apr 18873IE effusive1On 16 and 17 Apr, explosions and a lava flow on 18 and 19 Apr toward SE.
20 Apr 188730 Apr 1889741AStrombolian activity from Sep1887 until Nov 1888, on 24 Jul, and 11-12 Aug 1888.
1 May 188930 Sep 1889152IE effusive1Collapse of the crater at the beginning of May 1889, crater several hundred meters wide. Lava flow lasting until Sep. (Baratta)
1 Oct 18896 Jun 1891613AMild activity until the end of Oct 1890, with an outflow to SE during May 1891 .
7 Jun 18913 Jun 18941092IE effusive volume =36x 10^6 m^32At 1745 on 7 Jun 1891, fracture on NNW side of the cone, and big smoke emission from the vent. New lateral vents on the N flank at 900-1000 m asl. Then other vents down to 830 m along the fracture of 1868. Building of a lava shield. Lava flowing during 1892, and forming a lava tube. On 3 Jun 1894, end of the external flow and filling of the crater, 200 m deep. The lava shield was called Colle Margherita. (Baratta)
4 Jun 18942 Jul 1895393ARupturing of the cone on 24 May 1895, with lava flow into Atrio; At the beginning of Jul 1895, the conelet is 150 m higher than the crater rim (Baratta)
3 Jul 18957 Sep 18991527IE effusive volume =50 x 10^6 m^32On 3 Jul 1895 fracturing of the WNW side of the cone with new vent at 1185, 1100, 900 and 750 m asl. Lava flow from the lower vents into Fosso della Vetrana. Lava emission continues during all of the year. Collapse of the conelet on 3-4 Jul 1895. In Nov 1895, the crater is 250 m deep. During Sep 1897, the depth of the crater decreases by 100 m due to landslides. At the beginning of Jul 1898, the crater is 60 m deep. The lava shield formed during this period is called Colle Umberto.
8 Sep 189926 Aug 19031447AStrombolian activity, particularly violent on 9-10 May 1900. Increase of explosivity during 1903. The diameter of the crater is 148 m in Mar 1903, with a depth of 60 m.
27 Aug 190330 Sep 1904400IE effusive explosive volume =0,5 x 10^6 m^32Since 27 Jul 1903, intracrateric lava . On 22 Aug, collapse of the conelet, lava outflow to the W. On the 26th, fracture on WNW, explosion and lava flow onto Colle Umberto. On the 27th, fracture trending ENE at 800 m asl with lava flow. Collapse by 130 m of the crater with Vulcanian explosions. Lava flows from 14 to 16 Sep, 15-19 Oct and 20 Nov. By Mar 1904, a new lava shield has grown 40 m high. On 21 and 22 Sep 1904, explosions at the crater. Tremor on 23-24 Sep. On the 25th, ash at Boscoreale and on the 26th, collapse of the conelet and explosions. On the 28th, ash as far as Avellino.
1 Oct 19042 Feb 1906489AMild explosive activity in Nov and Dec 1904 and Jan 1905. In May 1905, new vents on the NW side of Gran Cono at 1245 m and 1180 m elevation with lava emission, again in Jan 1906.
3 Feb 19063 Apr 190659IE effusive volume =1.8 x 10^6 m^31Explosive activity during Feb 1906; since Mar, lava from vent at 1180 m
4 Apr 190622 Apr 190618FE (1906) Effusive-explosive volume =20 x 10^6 m^3 lava3-4 On 4 Apr at 0530, black smoke and partial collapse of the cone; new vent at 1200 m on S flank of Gran Cono; lava; seismic activity; at 1400, collapse of conelet; explosive activity from Strombolian to Vulcanian; at midnight, vent at 800 m, pouring lava. On 5 Apr, violent explosions and lava emission; on the 6th at 0800, vent at SE at 600 m asl; lava; intense activity at the crater; at midnight, increase of seismicity. 7 Apr, new vent toward E, and lava toward Terzigno; outflow at the central crater; at 1900, explosions with incandesent ejecta up to 1-2 km above crater; at 2100, explosion with fragmentary material; at 2300, new lava emission;on 8 April at 0030, strong explosions and earthquake; at 0230, violent earthquake with explosion and emission of ash, incandescent material and lithics; after 0400, ash column 600 m wide; during the afternoon, column 13 km high, decreasing during the evening; on 9-10 Apr, gas and ash emission (with pisolites) ; 11-12 Apr, grey ash; 13-14 Apr, white ashes; 20-21 Apr, mild activity. Since late Apr, lahars for many months after the eruption. Great damage in Ottaviano and San Giuseppe, and widespread damage all around the volcano; at least 500 people killed. Volume of the new crater: 84 x 10^6 m^3
23 Apr 19064 Jul 19132629RCollapse of the bottom of the crater in Jun 1911, and on 9 May 1913. Since Jul 1913, glow is seen at the crater floor.
5 Jul 191326 Nov 19264892A Since 17 Sep 1916, conelet. Filling of the crater with lava; particularly voluminous during 1917 and through Sep 1919; again in Jul 1920. In 1925, the crater is filled by 3/4
27 Nov 192628 Nov 19261IE effusive1Outflow on 27 Nov 1926 toward E-NE
29 Nov 192630 Jul 1927243AIntracrateric lava flows
1 Aug 19272 Aug 19271IE effusive1Since 29 Jul, intracrateric lava outflowing, on 1 Aug, to E
3 Aug 192710 Aug 1928373A
11 Aug 192812 Aug 19281IE effusive1Outflow
13 Aug 19282 Jun 1929293A
3-6-19298-6-19295IE effusive explosive volume =12 x 10^6 m^32-3Since 27 May, no activity. On 31 May, moderate Strombolian activity until 2 Jun. At 1500 on 2 Jun, frequent earthquakes. On the 3rd, two strong earthquakes with collapse of the conelet and rapid lava emission, outflowing to E. Scoria ejection up to 300 m. From 0000 until 0100 on 4 Jun, strong explosive activity with new lava flow. At 0330, lava fountains 300 m high lasting half an hour. Increase at 0630 with new lava and ejection of scoriae inclined to W. Since 0800, lava flow, outside Somma caldera, toward Terzigno. At 1409, new lava fountain, 400 m high, lasting 26 minutes. Destruction of the conelet, carried away by the lava flow . At 1530, explosions. At 1930,third lava fountain, lasting 39 minutes, 400 m high. Eruptive cloud 3-5 km above the rim. On 5 Jun, between 0030 and 0345 increase of activity and 4th lava fountain at 0430, 500 m high, with eruption column up to 4 km. Lava outflow to the W.
9 Jun 192910 Jun 1930396ARare explosions on 13-26 Jul, 23-24 Sep and 4 Oct. On 2 Nov, a new conelet begins to form.
11 Jul 193030 Jul 193019IE effusive1Since 11 Jul 1930, lava flow on NE flank of Gran onto the lava of 1929.
1 Aug 19301 Oct 193061A
2 Oct 19309 Nov 193038IE effusive1Outflow to E.
10 Nov 193031 May 1933933AStronger activity during Apr-May 1933.
1 Jun 193319 Nov 1934536IE effusive1-2On 1 Jun, collapse of conelet with outflow to NE
20 Nov 193411 Feb 193583AOn 30 Nov 34, intracrateric lava flow.
12 Feb 193531 Mar 193547IE effusive1Lava ouflow on 12 Feb to E.
1 Apr 19358 Jul 193598A
8 Jul 193521 Aug 193544IE effusive1-Fracturing of the conelet and lava outflow starting on 13 Jul into Valle dell'Inferno.
22 Aug 193527 Mar 1936218AIntracrateric lava flow on 8 Nov 1935 and 23 Feb 1936.
28 Mar 193624 Sep 1936180IE effusive1Fracturing of the conelet and lava outflow on 3 Apr. On 28 Apr, new outflow to E into Valle dell'Inferno.
24 Sep 19363 Jun 1937252ASep-Dec 1936, intracrateric lava.
4 Jun 19377 Jul 193733IE effusive0Lava outflow into Valle dell'Inferno.
8 Jul 19377 Aug 1939760AIntracrateric lava since 10 Jan 1938 and from 30 Aug until 9 Jan 1939. On 9 Jan, fracturing of conelet and new lava flow.
8 Aug 19399 Aug 19391IE effusive0Lava outflow into Valle dell'Inferno.
10 Aug 193925 Jun 1940320A
26 Jun 194031 Jul 194035IE effusive0Fracturing of conelet and lava outflow into Atrio del Cavallo, until end of Jul.
1 Aug 194021 Oct 1941446AContinuous intracrateric lava during Aug-Oct and until 14 Nov, again from 25 Dec 1940 to 6 Jan 1941.
22 Oct 194115 Dec 1942419IE effusive1-2New intracrateric lava outflowing on 23 Oct 1941. On the 26th, the lava flow has travelled 1,5 km from the crater rim. 1 Nov, collapse of conelet and new outflow to S, SSE and ESE. On 10 Jan 1942, the lava flow is at 900 m asl forming two small shields on the southern side; at the beginning of Jul, the lava front is at 600 m asl.
16 Dec 19425 Jan 1944385A
6 Jan 194423 Feb 194448IE effusive0On 6 Jan 1944, fracturing of the conelet and lava overflowing onto W flank.
24 Feb 194417 Mar 194422AMild activity
18 Mar 19444 Apr 194417FE (1944) effusive explosive volume = 10 x 10^6 m^3 lava3On 13 Mar, collapse of the conelet; 14 Mar, moderate explosive activity; 18 Mar, new collapse of conelet; that day at 1630, lava flow overflows to N ; at 2230, the velocity in the Valle dell'Inferno is about 10 m/h. At 2300, outflow to W. New lava flow to SW at 1100 on the 19th. Northern flow into Fosso della Vetrana. New flow into Fosso della Vetrana. On the 21st at 1300-1400: San Sebastiano and Massa are reached (and later partially destroyed) by the lava flow. Velocity of the lava: about 50-100 m/h. 21 Mar at 1700 - Lava fountains: I fountain 1715-1735, II fountain 2010-2030, III fountain 2200-2225; 22 Mar IV fountain 0140-0210, V fountain 0345-0403, VI fountain 0535-0615, VII fountain 0630-0705, VIII fountain, 0731-1750. At 0900 fall of scoriae of 500-1000 gm on Poggiomarino. Since 1000, scoria fall on S. Giuseppe At 1248, the lava fountain turns ashy with a sustained column 6-7 km asl high, small glowing avalanches. At 2000, ash-fall mixed with water on S. Giuseppe. 2100: discrete explosions from two different craters (two eruptive columns). 23 Mar, explosions and ash fall on Torre del Greco; lapilli embedded in ice (S. Giuseppe). Seismic crisis between 1100 and 1200. At 1400, red lapilli and loose crystals fall on Poggiomarino. 24 People killed by tephra falls. The new crater has a volume of 25 x 10^6 m^3 and is 300 m deep
5 Apr 19441 Jul 1996>>18885R