Notes

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Outline

1	Deformation of Kılauea Volcano, Hawai‘i
2	Kilauea Volcano Hawaii
3	Inflation Deflation Cycles
4	1975 Kalapana Earthquake Aftershocks
5	1975 Tsunami Tsunami data require ~1 meter of uplift offshore (Ma, Kanamori and Satake, JGR 1999.)
6	Kilauea Flank Models
7	Volcano Deformation Monitoring GPS InSAR Strain/Tilt
8	GPS Campaign Surveys
9	Permanent or Continuous GPS
10	GPS Signals: Code vs Carrier Phase
11	Position Determination
12	Kilauea Flank Motion Mobile south flank Stable north of ERZ
13	Seismic Evidence for Decollement
14	Kinematic Model of Flank Motion Slip on decollement between volcanic pile and Cretaceous oceanic crust. Opening of deep rift zone, below depths of ~ 3- 4 km.
15	Slip on Decollement & Deep Rift Opening Owen et al, 2000
16	Slip on Decollement & Deep Rift Owen et al, 2000
17	Fit to Campaign GPS Data
18
19	Results From Camaign GPS Central south flank displacing seaward at high rate (5-10 cm/yr) North of East Rift zone is stable. Evidence for episodic deformation on Mauna Loa south flank Kilauea data can be fit with slip on a decollement and dilation within the deeper (z> 3 km) upper east rift zone.
20	Kilauea Silent Earthquake
21	Depth of Slow Slip?
22	Four Slow Earthquakes
23	Four Slow Earthquakes
24	Four Slow Earthquakes
25	Four Slow Earthquakes
26	Four Slow Earthquakes
27	Seismicity Accompanying Slow Slip
28	Microearthquake Locations
29	Microearthquakes not the source of surface deformation
30	Earthquake Relocations Relocations of 2005 events relative to Hansen et al. (2004) Nov. 1999 to June 2000 29 extra stations 345 events Simultaneous relocation and tomographic inversion
31	Relocated Earthquakes
32	Fault Slip History From GPS Observables
33	Source History and Fit to Independent Tilt and Strain Data
34
35	Predicted Seismicity Rate Change Following Dieterich (1994)
36
37	Fit to Seismicity
38	Location of Slip Surface Consistent with Triggering Earthquakes
39	8km Deep Fault Fits GPS Data
40	Slow Slip Events Conclusions Microseismicity accompanies slow slip events. Earthquakes lag slow slip consistent with triggering by stress transfer. Relocated “coshocks” constrain the depth of slow slip event to base of the volcano.
41	Possible explanation for transient slip behavior Slow slip events may be occurring in transitional domain between portions of south flank that exhibit stick slip and offshore region that slips stably.
42	Continuous GPS velocities
43	Continuous GPS Displacements
44	January 30, 1997 Eruption
45	January 30, 1997 Eruption
46	Intrusion caused by rift extension Decollement and deep rift opening cause extension of rift allowing passive intrusion.
47	Deformation preceded eruption by ~8 hours Owen, et al, GRL 2000
48	Temporal Evolution of Dike Intrusion Segall, et al, JGR 2001
49	Coupled magma chamber dike system Drawing from J.Johnson, HVO website
50	Themes